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Political Science > Environmental Policy

You are looking at 1 - 2 of 2 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption x
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Cover IMF Working Papers
The Rule of Law and the Pattern of Environment Protection
Mr. Muthukumara Mani and Mr. Per G. Fredriksson
We develop and test a theory of the rule of law and environmental policy formation. In our model an increase in the degree of rule of law has two opposing partial effects on environmental policy: first, a greater share of policy decisions are implemented according to law; second, industry bribery efforts increase because more is at stake. Moreover, we find that an increase in corruptibility of policymakers lowers the stringency of environmental policy. The empirical findings suggest that a greater degree of rule of law raises environmental policy stringency, but the effect is lower where corruptibility is high.
Keywords:
WP; mover accent; lobby group; least squares
Cover IMF Working Papers
Trade Integration and Political Turbulence: Environmental Policy Consequences
Mr. Muthukumara Mani and Mr. Per G. Fredriksson
This paper seeks to contribute to the unresolved issue of the effect of economic integration on environmental policy. In particular, we discuss the joint impact of trade openness and political uncertainty. Our theory predicts that the effect of trade integreation on the environment is conditional on the degree of political uncertainty. Trade integration raises the stringency of environmental policies, but the effect is reduced when the degree of political uncertainty is great. Political uncertainty has a positive effect on environmental policy as it reduces lobbying efforts. Applying our model to a unique data set of primarily developing countries, the empirical findings support the theory and are robust under alterntive specifications.
Keywords:
WP; lobby group; least squares; incumbent government; Trade liberalization; political instability; lobbying; uncertainty; environmental regulations; policy choice; government turnover; producer lobby; utility function; Environmental policy; Corruption; Environmental taxes; Trade integration; North America