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Political Science > Environmental Policy

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 58 items for :

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Cover High-Level Summary Technical Assistance Reports
Islamic Republic of Mauritania: Climate Mitigation Policy Diagnostic
Diego Mesa Puyo, Zhiyong An, Thomas Benninger, and Nate Vernon
Mauritania requested capacity development from the Fiscal Affairs Department on carbon taxation, fossil fuel pricing and fiscal aspects of hydrogen development. This is a high-level summary of the technical assistant and the recommendations provided to the authorities. The report assesses options to gradually introduce a carbon tax to bring the country in line with its Nationally Determined Contribution for 2030 and net-zero pledge for 2050, including targeted support for vulnerable households. It then reviews approach to price fossil fuel products and proposes a revised methodology better aligned with international petroleum markets, along with a fiscally neutral smoothing mechanism to mitigate the impact of abrupt price changes on Mauritanian consumers. Finally, the report evaluates fiscal aspects related to the development of the low and zero-emissions hydrogen to ensure the country continues to position itself as an attractive investment destination without foregoing future revenue streams.
Keywords:
Carbon Pricing; Carbon Taxes; Fiscal Policy; Climate Mitigation; climate mitigation policy diagnostic; high-level summary; tax volatility; hydrogen development; price setting; Carbon tax; Fuel prices; Climate policy; Non-renewable resources
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Cyprus: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper highlights disinflation and monetary transmission in Cyprus. Inflation in Cyprus dropped in 2023 due to the diminishing impact of supply-side shocks and moderating demand. However, some domestic price pressures persist, mostly from nonfiscal aggregate demand. The analysis suggests that high core inflation in 2023 was driven both by demand and supply factors. The post-pandemic inflation surge is attributed to both supply and demand factors, with the latter dominating most of the time. Wage dynamics will influence the inflation outlook. While risks of a wage-price spiral have declined substantially, the extent to which remaining demand pressures will affect future inflation will partly depend on wage dynamics. Deposit rates saw delayed and smaller increases, likely driven by high banking sector liquidity and low competition. Continued commitment to containing aggregate demand is supporting the final stage of disinflation. The last mile of disinflation would benefit from containing aggregate demand. While supply disruptions are no longer materially impacting inflation, domestic demand continues to put pressure on prices.
Keywords:
B. climate mitigation; Policy pass-through; green tax reform; International Monetary Fund Washington, d.c; drivers of inflation; IMF-WB CPAT tool; Inflation; Climate change; Natural disasters; Global; Europe
Cover Technical Assistance Reports
Cabo Verde: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Policy Diagnostic
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Cabo Verde faces development challenges from multiple structural factors, including insularity, territorial discontinuity, fragility of ecosystems, and scarcity of natural resources, namely water and arable land. Climate change implications are amplifying these challenges. As an island extension of the arid Sahel zone, Cabo Verde faces severe water shortage, which the country addresses more and more through energy intensive desalination, using electricity produced largely by thermal power plants, which depend entirely on imported fossil fuels. The resulting high energy prices directly impact the cost of water production. In conjunction with climate change induced aridity, the energy-water-climate nexus presents the core development challenge for the country.
Keywords:
climate change implication; cross government coordination; policy priority; climate change management coordination; authorities of Cabo Verde; government transfer; Climate change; Renewable energy; Electricity; Greenhouse gas emissions; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
New Zealand: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
This Selected Issues paper investigates why New Zealand’s inflation is higher and further from target than comparator economies considering two main hypotheses: (1) the persistence of pandemic era shocks, and (2) strong migration inflows fuelling demand. The paper finds that, like in many advanced economies, expansionary fiscal and monetary policy, high global commodity prices, exchange rates, and high maritime transport costs all fed into higher inflation. However, unique for New Zealand, the delayed reopening of the economy likely caused a postponed demand shock relative to similar economies. Results show that the impact of these shocks decay rapidly over time, suggesting positive short-term inflation dynamics. With an eye for what lies ahead, the paper finds that large migration waves are associated with short-run increases in inflation, but that these effects are relatively modest and no longer significant after four years. Instead, the long-run dynamics show evidence that migration can lead to significant long-term gains to productivity, output, and capital growth. Countries with tight labor markets exhibit similar patterns to those without, except the inflationary effects of migration dissipate faster.
Keywords:
supply and demand demand shock; PPI inflation; net migration trend; climate goal; impulse response; Migration; Inflation; Greenhouse gas emissions; Climate policy; Labor markets; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Kazakhstan: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Technical Note on Climate-Related Risks and Financial Stability
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper highlights the Technical Note on Climate-Related Risks and Financial Stability for the Republic of Kazakhstan Financial Sector Assessment Program. Domestic and global climate policies are expected to negatively affect Kazakhstan’s economy, its firms, industries, and banks, with heterogenous impacts across industries and banks. Improving and harmonizing data can be the first step to enhance interagency coordination and assess climate-related risks. Given the potential for substantial risks associated with climate change and climate mitigation actions, the authorities should develop capacity to conduct climate stress testing. While this analysis focuses on transition risk, Kazakhstan also faces physical risks, which require further assessment. The intensity and frequency of floods and droughts in Kazakhstan are expected to increase with climate change. Floods and droughts can affect crop yield and production, energy system operation, and major infrastructure and result in significant economic losses. Moreover, climate change, together with the onset of El Niño, will greatly increase the likelihood of extreme events in the next five years and increase physical risk in the near term.
Keywords:
IMF-World Bank Financial Sector Assessment Program; Climate-related TRANSITION; FSAP finding; Kazakhstan's greenhouse gas emissions; cost of goods sold; Climate change; Climate policy; Global
Cover High-Level Summary Technical Assistance Reports
Cabo Verde: Climate Policy Assessment
Katja Funke, Alberto Garcia Huitron, and Didier Tabaro
Cabo Verde faces development challenges from multiple structural factors, including insularity, territorial discontinuity, fragility of ecosystems, and scarcity of natural resources, namely water and arable land. Climate change implications are amplifying these challenges. As an island extension of the arid Sahel zone, Cabo Verde faces severe water shortage, which the country addresses more and more through energy intensive desalination, using electricity produced largely by thermal power plants, which depend entirely on imported fossil fuels. The resulting high energy prices directly impact the cost of water production. In conjunction with climate change induced aridity, the energy-water-climate nexus presents the core development challenge for the country.
Keywords:
Cabo Verde; Climate; Energy; Water; Adaptation; energy-water-climate nexus; climate change implication; climate policy assessment; Sahel zone;