impersonal social relationships, governed by rule of law, secure property rights, fairness, and equality—all aspects of treating everyone the same,” leading to sustained political and economic development. Although both orders are able to create social stability, stable and sustained economic growth and sustainable political development is most likely to occur under the open access order. Moreover, the same institutions will work differently under the two social orders. The part of their study most relevant for our paper is the theory on the transition from the natural
orders in the world today: an open access order and a limited access order. Both orders are able to solve the problem of containing violence but in very different ways. Most countries are characterized by limited access, which is why NWW call this social order the natural state . While the natural state has been in existence during the last 10,000 years, open access societies have only emerged in the last 300 years. Box 1 explains in more detail the differences between, and dynamics of, these two types of social order. One of the main contributions of NWW
working with partners to take advantage of existing multilateral initiatives and trade agreements, including preferential bilateral arrangements. 4 Institutions and state capacity Since institutional weaknesses lie at the root of fragility, a strategy to escape fragility must include the adoption or development of institutions that foster good governance and economic growth. 5 North, Wallis, and Weingast (2006) conceptualize development as the transition from a “limited access social order” to an “open access order.” Limited access orders (the most common