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Cover IMF Working Papers
The Euro-Area Government Spending Multiplier at the Effective Lower Bound
Adalgiso Amendola, Mario di Serio, Matteo Fragetta, and Mr. Giovanni Melina
We build a factor-augmented interacted panel vector-autoregressive model of the Euro Area (EA) and estimate it with Bayesian methods to compute government spending multipliers. The multipliers are contingent on the overall monetary policy stance, captured by a shadow monetary policy rate. In the short run (one year), whether the fiscal shock occurs when the economy is at the effective lower bound (ELB) or in normal times does not seem to matter for the size of the multiplier. However, as the time horizon increases, multipliers diverge across the two regimes. In the medium run (three years), the average multiplier is about 1 in normal times and between 1.6 and 2.8 at the ELB, depending on the specification. The difference between the two multipliers is distributed largely away from zero. More generally, the multiplier is inversely correlated with the level of the shadow monetary policy rate. In addition, we verify that EA data lend support to the view that the multiplier is larger in periods of economic slack, and we show that the shadow rate and the state of the business cycle are autonomously correlated with its size. The econometric approach deals with several technical problems highlighted in the empirical macroeconomic literature, including the issues of fiscal foresight and limited information.
Keywords:
WP; government spending multiplier; shadow rate; Fiscal multiplier; Zero lower bound; Panel VAR; Factor models; Euro Area; government spending shock; multiplier policymaker; cumulated multiplier; one-year multiplier; ELB regime; potential GDP; Interest rate floor; Business cycles; Central bank policy rate; Fiscal multipliers; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Euro-Area Government Spending Multiplier at the Effective Lower Bound*
Adalgiso Amendola, Mario di Serio, Matteo Fragetta, and Mr. Giovanni Melina

autonomously correlated with its size. Our results are important at least for two reasons. First, using data of a large advanced economy, they add empirical backing to a strand of theoretical contributions. The second reason is perhaps more important from a policy perspective. At a time of phasing out of the ECB’s asset purchase program and prospective normalization of monetary policy, this paper may provide an educated guess of the multiplier policymakers in the EA should use in the forthcoming normal times. Our estimates suggest a medium-term value of about 1

Keywords:
WP; government spending multiplier; shadow rate; cumulated government spending multiplier; time series; average cumulated government spending multiplier; average multiplier; monetary policy rate