refugees. Indeed, the number of refugees within SSA is higher than that outside the region. Meanwhile, migration to the rest of the world, mostly to OECD countries, is mainly driven by economic factors and grew rapidly in recent decades. The empirical analysis and outlook will focus on migration outside the region as this has greater global spillovers. The economic impact of migration for the region occurs mainly through two channels. First, the migration of young and educated workers—brain drain—takes a toll in SSA as human capital is already scarce, although some
world, with substantial fiscal costs for the host countries, estimated at 1 to 5 percent of GDP. Both forced migration and migration for economic reasons can bring friction. The cost of hosting refugees and social tension in countries receiving large numbers of migrants seeking jobs, services, and opportunities can be difficult to manage. Migration to the rest of the world is growing faster than within the region. About 6.6 million sub-Saharan African migrants—one-third of the total—lived outside the region in 2013, more than double the number in 1990. The
within Sub-Saharan Africa and Refugees, 1990–2013 5. Sub-Saharan Africa as a Refugee Destination 6. Refugees and Internally Displaced Population, 2000 7. Migration to the Rest of the World 8. Migration from Sub-Saharan Africa to the Rest of the World: Main Countries of Origin 9. Migration to the Rest of the World: Main Destination Countries 10. Population and Mortality Rate 11. Demographic Trends and Migration 12. Sub-Saharan Africa: Emigration of the Most Highly Skilled 13. Selected Financial Flows in Developing Countries and Sub-Saharan Africa 14