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Introduction and Summary Migration from and within sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is an important macroeconomic issue with spillovers for both sending and receiving countries. Amid rapid population growth, migration in sub-Saharan Africa has been increasing briskly over the last 20 years. While the migration rate—migration-to-total population—has remained stable at about 2 percent, the region has doubled its population between 1990 and 2013, recording the fastest population growth in the world. Up to the 1990s, the stock of migrants—citizens of one country living
composition has changed markedly: in 1990 about 40 percent moved for economic reasons, which had risen by 2013 to 90 percent. But the rate of global migration in sub-Saharan Africa is the lowest in the world, at 0.7 percent of the region’s total population. That rate is about seven times larger in Latin America and the Caribbean and four times larger in the Middle East and northern Africa. Why move? Migration within Africa is driven mostly by geographic proximity, differences in income, and war in the home country, along with cultural links and environmental factors
macroeconomic fundamentals, these variables are first purged from this information in a separate regression to avoid colinearity. The results are robust to other country sovereign ratings, such as the ones produced by Fitch and Moody’s. Box 1.3. Migration and Remittance Flows in Sub-Saharan Africa 1 Migration happens predominantly within the region Amid rapid population growth, migration in sub-Saharan African has increased considerably in recent decades. In 1990, 10 million sub-Saharan Africans lived outside their own country; by 2013, that number had grown to 20
website at http://www.internal-displacement.org/sub-saharan-africa/summary/ . 16 For a detailed discussion of the economic determinants of migration in sub-Saharan Africa, see Gonzalez-Garcia and others (2016) . 17 For instance, the United Nations Development Programme estimates the cost of hosting refugees and asylum seekers in Uganda at about US$320 million, or about 1.3 percent of GDP.
--). Climate-induced migration in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America is expected to rise by over 140 million people by 2050 – around 2.8 percent of the population of these regions ( Kumari Rigaud, et al. 2018 --). Both legal and economic institutions must be strengthened to handle these increased, and often rapid and unpredictable migration flows. For example, the Platform on Disaster Displacement works to promote these institutions at country and international levels. 50 -- Sea level rise may lead to the unprecedented disappearance of some sovereign states
humanitarian aid aimed at addressing the immediate needs of refugees and those displaced within their own countries, and of scaled-up development assistance to the region as a whole. Based on Rother and others (2016). Box 4.3. Migration in Sub-Saharan Africa In the coming decades sub-Saharan African migration will be shaped by a profound demographic transition that has already begun. The working-age population is growing more rapidly than the population overall, which means migration outside the region is set to continue to expand. Key Trends Amid rapid