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International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

projections. 1/ Includes all eight ECCU members unless otherwise noted. ECCU price aggregates are calculated as weighted averages of individual country data. Other ECCU aggregates are calculated by adding individual country data. 2/ Data for 2020 and 2021 are not reported: due to the methodological changes, annual growth numbers are not available. 1 Under Article IV of the IMF’s Articles of Agreement, the IMF holds bilateral discussions with members, usually every year. In the context of these bilateral Article IV consultation discussion

International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

millions of U.S. dollars 1,698 1,747 1,952 1,869 2,015 2,202 2,332 In months of prospective year imports of goods and services 6.3 5.7 4.8 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.5 In percent of broad money REER (average annual percentage change) 26.0 28.1 28.5 26.1 26.1 27.2 27.3 Trade-weighted 3/ 1.7 -1.8 -4.4 1.9 0.6 Sources: Country authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections. 1/ Includes all eight ECCU members unless otherwise noted. ECCU price aggregates are calculated as weighted averages of individual

International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
This paper presents IMF’s 2019 Discussion on Common Policies of Member Countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU). ECCU’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth accelerated from 3/4 percent in 2017 to 3 3/4 percent in 2018, reflecting buoyancy in the tourism sector, sizable Citizenship-by-Investment (CBI) inflows, and a recovery from the 2017 hurricanes in Anguilla and Dominica, which were supported by large public investments in reconstruction. Fiscal deficits increased in 2018–2019, but they have remained moderate. Efforts are needed to streamline, and re-balance tax incentives based on clear principles consistent with international best practices. External imbalances are sizable and significant financial sector vulnerabilities affect both banks and non-banks. Growth is projected to gradually moderate toward its long-term average of 2 1/4 percent as the cyclical momentum normalizes and CBI inflows ease. These trends would also contribute to wider fiscal deficits, ending the downward drift in public debt dynamics. The outlook is clouded by downside risks, including a possible intensification of natural disasters and financial sector weaknesses.
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
The fallout from the COVID-19 crisis is hitting ECCU economies hard. Tourism receipts (accounting for nearly 40 percent of GDP) have dried up, as tourist arrivals have come to a grinding halt. The authorities successfully contained the spread of the virus at the onset of the pandemic by largely closing the borders, but a reopening of the economies since the summer has led to a surge in COVID cases. The ECCU economy is projected to contract by 16 percent in 2020 and by a further near ½ percent in 2021. Fiscal positions have deteriorated sharply, and public debt is projected to reach near 90 percent of GDP in 2021 and remain at an elevated level for years to come. Headline indicators suggest the financial system is relatively sound with ample liquidity buffers, but nonperforming loans are expected to rise significantly. The outlook is clouded by exceptionally high risks, including from the uncertainty concerning the evolution of the pandemic.
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

.2 … … … … … … … Competitor-weighted 1.8 0.4 0.3 -0.2 … … … … … … … Customer-weighted -0.8 3.1 2.0 -0.3 … … … … … … … Memo items: Imputed cost of natural disasters (percent of GDP) … … … … … 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Sources: Country authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections. 1/ Includes all eight ECCU members unless otherwise noted. ECCU price aggregates are calculated as weighted averages of individual country data. Other ECCU aggregates are calculated

International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
This IMF Staff Report for the 2016 Discussion on Common Policies of Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) Member Countries highlights that the regional recovery in ECCU is gaining ground, supported by continued low oil prices, strong tourism arrivals, and robust citizenship-by-investment receipts. Risks to the near-term outlook are balanced, but growth in the ECCU continues to be hindered by weak competitiveness, banking sector fragilities, susceptibility to natural disasters, and large public debt. The Executive Directors have encouraged the authorities to press ahead with sound macroeconomic policies and structural reforms to decisively address these issues and strengthen the conditions for robust long term growth.
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
This 2018 discussion on common policies of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) highlights that the member countries are gradually recovering following the catastrophic impact of Hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. Conditions remain favorable to growth, however, risks are increasing. The fiscal balance for the region as a whole worsened in 2017, reflecting lower inflows from citizenship-by-investment programs and higher reconstruction and current spending. The IMF team made several policy recommendations including shifting focus from the current emphasis on recovery from natural disasters to building ex-ante resilience. The report also recommends intensifying decisive and timely actions to resolve weaknesses in the financial sector, including longstanding problems in the banking sector and emerging risks in the non-banking sector. The authorities expressed commitment to the acceleration of key reforms to upgrade and strengthen the financial sector regional oversight framework. In addition to fiscal consolidation, injecting new vigor into the structural policy agenda will help enhance competitiveness and make growth more inclusive.
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

-weighted 0.4 -1.9 … … … … … … … Sources: Country authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections. 1/ Includes all eight ECCU members unless otherwise noted. ECCU price aggregates are calculated as weighted averages of individual country data. Other ECCU aggregates are calculated by adding individual country data. 2/ Debt relief has been accorded to: (i) Grenada under the ECF-supported program in 2017; and (ii) St. Vincent and the Grenadines in 2017 under the Petrocaribe arrangement. 1 Under Article IV of the IMF

International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

.2 … … … … … … … Competitor-weighted 1.8 0.4 0.3 -0.2 … … … … … … … Customer-weighted -0.8 3.1 2.0 -0.3 … … … … … … … Memo items: Imputed cost of natural disasters (percent of GDP) … … … … … 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Sources: Country authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections. 1/ Includes all eight ECCU members unless otherwise noted. ECCU price aggregates are calculated as weighted averages of individual country data. Other ECCU aggregates are calculated

International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.

. 1/ Includes all eight ECCU members unless otherwise noted. ECCU price aggregates are calculated as weighted averages of individual country data. Other ECCU aggregates are calculated by adding individual country data. 2/ Debt relief has been accorded to: (i) Grenada under the ECF-supported program in 2017; and (ii) St. Vincent and the Grenadines in 2017 under the Petrocaribe arrangement. Table 2. ECCU: Selected Economic Indicators by Country, 2017–25 (Annual percentage change; unless otherwise indicated) Projections