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across countries ( Table 1 ). An important part of the response was to support health care spending, and at least half of the countries in the region announced plans for targeted support to lower-income and vulnerable households and informal workers. 4 IMF emergency financing operations helped many countries in the region to achieve these goals. Some countries (Egypt) also increased education spending. Most of the social protection assistance is directed through cash transfer programs, and many countries have made effective use of technology in delivering these
-targeted social protection tool) and its Etimad program is trying to improve efficiency and inclusiveness of social spending. 6 IMF emergency financing operations have helped to support outlays on health and social protection in a dozen countries in the region. 1 In the interest of parsimony, only the results with the control of corruption are shown in Annex 3 . 1 This is in terms of output efficiency. In terms of input efficiency, a country is deemed more (less) efficient to the extent that it spends less (more) than other countries for a given outcome level